大法官解釋 釋字第777號 |
|---|
| 公佈日期：2019/05/31 |
| 解釋爭點 |
| 刑法第185條之4之構成要件是否違反法律明確性原則？其刑度是否違反比例原則？ |
| [25] 對刑法第142條所保護法益，德國有論文就通說有所批評，不認為其係為證據保全利益（Beweissicherungsinteresse）及財產利益（Vermögen），參照Maike Steenbock, Über die Unfallflucht als Straftat, Frankfurt am Mainz: Peter Lang, 2004, S.31ff.. [26] 參照Rudolf Rengier, Strafrecht Besonderer Teil II, 14. Aufl., München: Beck, 2013, §46 Rn.1. [27] 參照Lackner/Kühl, a.a.O., §142 Rn.1; Thomas Fischer, a.a.O., §142 Rn.2; BVerfGE 16, 191 ; BVerfGE Beschluss vom 16. März 2001, 2 BvR 65/01, “Die angefochtenen Entscheidungen verstoβen schließlich nicht gegen das Selbstbegünstigungsprinzip. Die Vorschrift des § 142 StGB ist verfassungsgemäβ (vgl. BVerfGE 16, 191 <193>); das begrenzte Verbot der Selbstbegünstigung widerspricht weder dem Rechtsstaatsprinzip noch der Unantastbarkeit der Menschenwürde （vgl. BVerfGE 16, 191 <194>.該經撤銷之判決不違反利己原則。（參照BVerfGE 16, 191 <193>）刑法第142條規定合憲，有限度之禁止利己原則，既與法治國原則不牴觸，亦不違人性尊嚴之不可侵性。（參照BVerfGE 16, 191 <194>） [28] 加拿大舊刑法第252條規定，於2108年12月17日廢止（Repealed）（參照 https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c-46/section-252.html, 最後瀏覽日期：2019/5/27），分別移至刑法第320.16條有關事故發生後未停留(Failure to stop after accident)，分別規定三種類型。 320.16(Failure to stop after accident) (1) Everyone commits an offence who operates a conveyance and who at the time of operating the conveyance knows that, or is reckless as to whether, the conveyance has been involved in an accident with a person or another conveyance and who fails, without reasonable excuse, to stop the conveyance, give their name and address and, if any person has been injured or appears to require assistance, offer assistance. Accident resulting in bodily harm (2) Everyone commits an offence who commits an offence under subsection (1) and who at the time of committing the offence knows that, or is reckless as to whether, the accident resulted in bodily harm to another person. Accident resulting in death (3) Everyone commits an offence who commits an offence under subsection (1) and who, at the time of committing the offence, knows that, or is reckless as to whether, the accident resulted in the death of another person or in bodily harm to another person whose death ensues. [29] 相關刑罰規定，則分別就一般處罰及致身體傷害或死亡之處罰規定於第320.19(5), 320.2, 320.21等規定。（有關加拿大相關規定修正之資訊，感謝吳大法官陳鐶提供）。 320.19 (Punishment) (5) Everyone who commits an offence under subsection 320.13(1) or 320.16(1), section 320.17 or subsection 320.18(1) is liable (a) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or (b) on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day. |
| < 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 > |
填單諮詢
最新活動