大法官解釋 釋字第710號 |
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| 公佈日期： |
| 解釋爭點 |
| 兩岸條例就強制大陸地區人民出境，未予申辯機會；又就暫予收容，未明定事由及期限，均違憲？ 強制出境辦法所定收容事由未經法律明確授權，亦違憲？ |
| 【註腳】 [1]例如，釋字第三八四號解釋，所指在刑事實體法上，須遵守罪刑法定主義，在刑事程序法上，被告之自白須出於自由意志、犯罪事實應依證據認定、同一行為不得重複處罰、當事人有與證人對質或詰問證人之權利、審判與檢察之分離、審判過程以公開為原則及對裁判不服提供審級救濟等；釋字第六六三號解釋，所指稅捐稽徵法第十九條第三項規定，關於稅捐稽徵機關對公同共有人所為核定稅捐之處分，以對公同共有人中之一人為送達，即對全體公同共有人發生送達效力之部分，不符憲法正當法律程序之要求；釋字第六七七號解釋，所指監獄行刑法第八十三條第一項關於執行期滿者，應於其刑期終了之次日午前釋放之規定部分，使受刑人於刑事執行期滿後，未經法定程序仍受拘禁，上開規定未明確規範類似限制刑事被告人身自由所應踐行之正當法律程序，與憲法正當法律程序即屬有違；釋字第七Ｏ九號解釋，所指都市更新條例第十條第一項、第二項，有關主管機關核准都市更新事業概要之程序規定，未設置適當組織以審議都市更新事業；且未確保利害關係人知悉相關資訊及適時陳述意見之機會，九十九年五月十二日修正公布之同條例第十九條第三項規定，並未規定由主管機關以公開方式舉辦聽證等等，不符憲法要求之正當行政程序（按所謂正當行政程序亦屬正當法律程序之一環）。 [2]歐洲人權公約（European Convention on Human Rights）第五條英文全文： ARTICLE 5：1. Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one shall be deprived of his liberty save in the following cases and in accordance with a procedure prescribed by law: (a) the lawful detention of a person after conviction by a competent court; (b) the lawful arrest or detention of a person for non-compliance with the lawful order of a court or in order to secure the fulfilment of any obligation prescribed by law; (c) the lawful arrest or detention of a person effected for the purpose of bringing him before the competent legal authority of reasonable suspicion of having committed and offence or when it is reasonably considered necessary to prevent his committing an offence or fleeing after having done so; (d) the detention of a minor by lawful order for the purpose of educational supervision or his lawful detention for the purpose of bringing him before the competent legal authority; (e) the lawful detention of persons for the prevention of the spreading of infectious diseases, of persons of unsound mind, alcoholics or drug addicts, or vagrants; (f) the lawful arrest or detention of a person to prevent his effecting an unauthorized entry into the country or of a person against whom action is being taken with a view to deportation or extradition. 2. Everyone who is arrested shall be informed promptly, in a language which he understands, of the reasons for his arrest and the charge against him. 3. Everyone arrested or detained in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1(c) of this article shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release pending trial. Release may be conditioned by guarantees to appear for trial. 4. Everyone who is deprived of his liberty by arrest or detention shall be entitled to take proceedings by which the lawfulness of his detention shall be decided speedily by a court and his release ordered if the detention is not lawful. 5. Everyone who has been the victim of arrest or detention in contravention of the provisions of this article shall have an enforceable right to compensation.資料出處：http://www.hrcr.org/docs/Eur_Convention/euroconv3.html [3]依行政院大陸委員會提供本院書面意見所附之內政部入出國及移民署近十年收容大陸地區人民平均天數統計表，一Ｏ一年之平均日數為六五‧五四日。 |
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